{"id":583,"date":"2023-10-12T18:57:16","date_gmt":"2023-10-12T06:57:16","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/namyauluk.com\/?p=583"},"modified":"2023-10-12T18:57:16","modified_gmt":"2023-10-12T06:57:16","slug":"%e7%a6%ae%e5%84%80%e4%b9%8b%e7%88%ad","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/namyauluk.org\/?p=583","title":{"rendered":"\u79ae\u5100\u4e4b\u722d"},"content":{"rendered":"<p>Robert C. Jenkins, <em>The Jesuits in China and the Legation Of Cardinal de Tournon An Examination of Conflicting Evidence and an Attempt at an Impartial Judgment<\/em> (London: David Hutt, 1894)<\/p>\n<p><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/namyauluk.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/10\/jenkinsjesuits-1.png\" alt=\"\" width=\"\" height=\"\" class=\"alignnone size-full wp-image-587\" \/><\/p>\n<p>\u9019\u66f8\u662f\u5c0e\u5e2b\u63a8\u85a6\u6211\u8b80\u7684\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u8036\u7a4c\u6703\u5229\u746a\u7ac7\u4f86\u83ef\u50b3\u6559\uff0c\u63a1\u6587\u5316\u9069\u61c9\u7b56\u7565\uff0c\u501f\u52a9\u897f\u6d0b\u79d1\u5b78\u50b3\u6559\uff0c\u8d70\u4e0a\u5c64\u8def\u7dda\uff0c\u722d\u53d6\u58eb\u5927\u592b\u6210\u70ba\u4fe1\u5f92\uff0c\u8d70\u8fd1\u6b0a\u529b\u4e2d\u5fc3\u3002\u5c0d\u4e2d\u570b\u6587\u5316\u98a8\u4fd7\uff0c\u63a1\u5bb9\u5fcd\u614b\u5ea6\uff0c\u5c0d\u62dc\u7956\u5148\u3001\u796d\u5b54\u7b49\uff0c\u8a8d\u70ba\u662f\u6587\u5316\u7fd2\u4fd7\uff0c\u6c92\u6709\u9055\u80cc\u5b97\u6559\u6559\u7fa9\u3002\u5229\u746a\u7ac7\u8a8d\u70ba\u7528\u4e0a\u5e1d\u7a31\u5275\u9020\u4e3b\uff0c\u5408\u4e4e\u4e2d\u570b\u6587\u5316\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u4f46\u5176\u4ed6\u4fee\u6703\u5982\u65b9\u6fdf\u6703\u3001\u9053\u660e\u6703\u7b49\u5c0d\u5229\u746a\u7ac7\u7684\u65b9\u6cd5\u4e0d\u4ee5\u70ba\u7136\uff0c\u52a0\u4e0a\u5176\u4ed6\u539f\u56e0\uff0c\u7d42\u65bc\u6f14\u6210\u79ae\u5100\u4e4b\u722d\uff0c\u5f15\u81f4\u5eb7\u7199\u9a45\u9010\u6559\u58eb\uff0c\u4ee5\u53ca\u96cd\u6b63\u7981\u6b62\u5929\u4e3b\u6559\uff0c\u800c\u8036\u7a4c\u6703\u5f8c\u4f86\u66f4\u88ab\u6559\u5b97\u89e3\u6563\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u9019\u904e\u7a0b\u4e2d\u6709\u5169\u500b\u95dc\u9375\u4eba\u7269\uff0c\u4e00\u662f\u798f\u5efa\u4e3b\u6559\u5df4\u9ece\u5916\u65b9\u50b3\u9053\u6703\u7684\u984f\u74ab\uff0c\u4ed6\u63d0\u51fa\u4e03\u689d\u7981\u4ee4\uff0c\u5167\u5bb9\u570d\u7e5e\u5275\u9020\u4e3b\u8b6f\u8a5e\u4ee5\u53ca\u5c0a\u7956\u656c\u5b54\u7b49\u884c\u70ba\uff0c\u4e00\u8a00\u4ee5\u853d\u4e4b\uff0c\u662f\u8ddf\u5229\u746a\u7ac7\u898f\u77e9\u5c0d\u8457\u5e79\u3002\u9019\u7576\u7136\u5f15\u8d77\u4fe1\u5f92\u548c\u8036\u7a4c\u6703\u6559\u58eb\u4e0d\u6eff\uff0c\u4f46\u984f\u74ab\u9032\u4e00\u6b65\u628a\u7981\u4ee4\u4e0a\u5448\u7f85\u99ac\uff0c\u722d\u53d6\u652f\u6301\u3002\u53e6\u4e00\u500b\u4eba\u7269\u5c31\u662f\u6559\u5b97\u6d3e\u4f86\u4e2d\u570b\u7684\u7279\u4f7f\u9438\u7f85\uff0c\u4ed6\u4e0d\u9867\u8036\u7a4c\u6703\u50b3\u6559\u58eb\u7684\u53cd\u5c0d\uff0c\u767c\u5e03\u5357\u4eac\u6559\u4ee4\uff0c\u7981\u6b62\u4e2d\u570b\u5929\u4e3b\u6559\u5f92\u656c\u62dc\u7956\u5148\uff0c\u6fc0\u6012\u5eb7\u7199 \uff08\u5982\u679c\u7576\u65e5\u6709\u5916\u4ea4\u90e8\u767c\u8a00\u4eba\uff0c\u6703\u7528&#8217;\u7c97\u66b4\u5e72\u6d89\u4e2d\u570b\u7684\u4e3b\u6b0a\u548c\u5167\u653f&#8217;\u6279\u8a55\u9438\u7f85\u3002\uff09\uff0c\u7d50\u679c\u88ab\u9010\u6fb3\u9580\u3002<\/p>\n<p>Jenkins\u9019\u66f8\u5229\u7528\u539f\u59cb\u6587\u737b\uff0c\u5be9\u8996\u5404\u65b9\u7684\u8aaa\u6cd5\u548c\u505a\u6cd5\uff0c\u8aa0\u5982\u66f8\u7684\u526f\u984c\u6240\u8a00\uff0c\u63d0\u51fa\u516c\u5e73\u516c\u6b63\u7684\u8ad6\u65b7\u3002\u4ed6\u7684\u7d50\u8ad6\u5927\u81f4\u5305\u62ec\uff1a<br \/>\n1. \u6559\u5b97\u9078\u4eba\u4e0d\u7576\uff0c\u9438\u7f85\u5e74\u7d04\u4e09\u5341\u591a\u6b72\uff0c\u672a\u80fd\u99d5\u99ad\u5927\u5c40\u3002\u800c\u4e14\u6559\u5ef7\u9762\u5c0d Jansenism \u7684\u6311\u6230\uff0c\u800c\u8036\u7a4c\u6703\u652f\u6301\u6559\u5ef7\u7684\u7acb\u5834\uff0c\u662f\u6297 Jansenism \u7684\u5927\u5c07\uff0c\u6559\u5b97\u5c0d\u8036\u7a4c\u6703\u4e5f\u4e0d\u80fd\u592a\u904e\u4efd\u3002<br \/>\n2. \u8461\u8404\u7259\u4f54\u64da\u6fb3\u9580\uff0c\u70ba\u4fdd\u6301\u5728\u4e2d\u570b\u7684\u7d93\u6fdf\u7368\u4f54\uff0c\u5c0d\u6559\u5b97\u6d3e\u9438\u7f85\u4f86\u83ef\u751a\u6709\u610f\u898b\u3002<br \/>\n3. \u8036\u7a4c\u6703\u81ea\u5229\u746a\u7ac7\u4ee5\u4f86\u50b3\u6559\u5353\u6709\u6210\u6548\uff0c\u5728\u6e05\u521d\u66f4\u53ef\u4ee5\u5728\u7687\u5e1d\u8eab\u908a\u6d3b\u52d5\uff0c\u4e0d\u60f3\u9438\u7f85\u641e\u5c40\uff0c\u6240\u4ee5\u8af8\u591a\u963b\u6493\u3002<br \/>\n4. \u8461\u8404\u7259\u8207\u6cd5\u570b\u5728\u7af6\u722d\uff0c\u65b9\u6fdf\u6703\u53ca\u9053\u660e\u6703\u53c8\u8207\u8036\u7a4c\u6703\u7af6\u722d\uff0c\u8036\u7a4c\u6703\u5167\u90e8\u7684\u8461\u8404\u7259\u53ca\u6cd5\u570b\u6559\u58eb\u4e92\u6709\u610f\u898b\u3002<br \/>\n5. \u984f\u74ab\u7684\u4e2d\u6587\u662f\u6709\u9650\u516c\u53f8\uff0c\u9438\u7f85\u66f4\u4e0d\u61c2\u4e2d\u6587\uff0c\u5728\u5eb7\u7199\u9762\u524d\u76e1\u51fa\u6d0b\u76f8\uff0c\u52a0\u6df1\u5eb7\u7199\u5c0d\u6559\u58eb\u7684\u6575\u610f\u3002<br \/>\n\u7e3d\u4e4b\uff0c\u8cac\u4efb\u4eba\u4eba\u6709\u4efd\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u8b80\u6b64\u66f8\uff0c\u5c0d\u9438\u7f85\u672c\u4eba\u7684\u8a8d\u8b58\u591a\u4e86\u4e00\u9ede\u3002\u4ed6\u61c9\u8a72\u662f\u500b\u597d\u4eba\uff0c\u76e1\u5fe0\u8077\u5b88\uff0c\u4f46\u592a\u5e74\u8f15\uff0c\u53c8\u4e0d\u61c2\u4e2d\u6587\uff0c\u4e0d\u662f\u8036\u7a4c\u6703\u58eb\u7684\u5c0d\u624b\uff0c\u61c9\u8a72\u8aaa\u662f\u500b\u60b2\u5287\u4eba\u7269\u3002\u53ea\u4e0d\u904e\uff0c\u9019\u66f8\u7684\u4f5c\u8005\u61c9\u8a72\u4e0d\u61c2\u4e2d\u6587\uff0c\u6c92\u6709\u4e2d\u6587\u7684\u6587\u737b\uff0c\u4e0d\u5920\u5168\u9762\u3002\u800c\u4e14\u9019\u662f\u767e\u591a\u5e74\u524d\u7684\u66f8\uff0c\u6709\u9ede\u904e\u6642\u3002<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Robert C. Jenkins, The Jesuits in China and the Legation Of Cardinal de Tournon An Examination of Conflicting Evidence and an Attempt at an Impartial Judgment (London: David Hutt, 1894) \u9019\u66f8\u662f\u5c0e\u5e2b\u63a8\u85a6\u6211\u8b80\u7684\u3002 \u8036\u7a4c\u6703\u5229\u746a\u7ac7\u4f86\u83ef\u50b3\u6559\uff0c\u63a1\u6587\u5316\u9069\u61c9\u7b56\u7565\uff0c\u501f\u52a9\u897f\u6d0b\u79d1\u5b78\u50b3\u6559\uff0c\u8d70\u4e0a\u5c64\u8def\u7dda\uff0c\u722d\u53d6\u58eb\u5927\u592b\u6210\u70ba\u4fe1\u5f92\uff0c\u8d70\u8fd1\u6b0a\u529b\u4e2d\u5fc3\u3002\u5c0d\u4e2d\u570b\u6587\u5316\u98a8\u4fd7\uff0c\u63a1\u5bb9\u5fcd\u614b\u5ea6\uff0c\u5c0d\u62dc\u7956\u5148\u3001\u796d\u5b54\u7b49\uff0c\u8a8d\u70ba\u662f\u6587\u5316\u7fd2\u4fd7\uff0c\u6c92\u6709\u9055\u80cc\u5b97\u6559\u6559\u7fa9\u3002\u5229\u746a\u7ac7\u8a8d\u70ba\u7528\u4e0a\u5e1d\u7a31\u5275\u9020\u4e3b\uff0c\u5408\u4e4e\u4e2d\u570b\u6587\u5316\u3002 \u4f46\u5176\u4ed6\u4fee\u6703\u5982\u65b9\u6fdf\u6703\u3001\u9053\u660e\u6703\u7b49\u5c0d\u5229\u746a\u7ac7\u7684\u65b9\u6cd5\u4e0d\u4ee5\u70ba\u7136\uff0c\u52a0\u4e0a\u5176\u4ed6\u539f\u56e0\uff0c\u7d42\u65bc\u6f14\u6210\u79ae\u5100\u4e4b\u722d\uff0c\u5f15\u81f4\u5eb7\u7199\u9a45\u9010\u6559\u58eb\uff0c\u4ee5\u53ca\u96cd\u6b63\u7981\u6b62\u5929\u4e3b\u6559\uff0c\u800c\u8036\u7a4c\u6703\u5f8c\u4f86\u66f4\u88ab\u6559\u5b97\u89e3\u6563\u3002 \u9019\u904e\u7a0b\u4e2d\u6709\u5169\u500b\u95dc\u9375\u4eba\u7269\uff0c\u4e00\u662f\u798f\u5efa\u4e3b\u6559\u5df4\u9ece\u5916\u65b9\u50b3\u9053\u6703\u7684\u984f\u74ab\uff0c\u4ed6\u63d0\u51fa\u4e03\u689d\u7981\u4ee4\uff0c\u5167\u5bb9\u570d\u7e5e\u5275\u9020\u4e3b\u8b6f\u8a5e\u4ee5\u53ca\u5c0a\u7956\u656c\u5b54\u7b49\u884c\u70ba\uff0c\u4e00\u8a00\u4ee5\u853d\u4e4b\uff0c\u662f\u8ddf\u5229\u746a\u7ac7\u898f\u77e9\u5c0d\u8457\u5e79\u3002\u9019\u7576\u7136\u5f15\u8d77\u4fe1\u5f92\u548c\u8036\u7a4c\u6703\u6559\u58eb\u4e0d\u6eff\uff0c\u4f46\u984f\u74ab\u9032\u4e00\u6b65\u628a\u7981\u4ee4\u4e0a\u5448\u7f85\u99ac\uff0c\u722d\u53d6\u652f\u6301\u3002\u53e6\u4e00\u500b\u4eba\u7269\u5c31\u662f\u6559\u5b97\u6d3e\u4f86\u4e2d\u570b\u7684\u7279\u4f7f\u9438\u7f85\uff0c\u4ed6\u4e0d\u9867\u8036\u7a4c\u6703\u50b3\u6559\u58eb\u7684\u53cd\u5c0d\uff0c\u767c\u5e03\u5357\u4eac\u6559\u4ee4\uff0c\u7981\u6b62\u4e2d\u570b\u5929\u4e3b\u6559\u5f92\u656c\u62dc\u7956\u5148\uff0c\u6fc0\u6012\u5eb7\u7199 \uff08\u5982\u679c\u7576\u65e5\u6709\u5916\u4ea4\u90e8\u767c\u8a00\u4eba\uff0c\u6703\u7528&#8217;\u7c97\u66b4\u5e72\u6d89\u4e2d\u570b\u7684\u4e3b\u6b0a\u548c\u5167\u653f&#8217;\u6279\u8a55\u9438\u7f85\u3002\uff09\uff0c\u7d50\u679c\u88ab\u9010\u6fb3\u9580\u3002 Jenkins\u9019\u66f8\u5229\u7528\u539f\u59cb\u6587\u737b\uff0c\u5be9\u8996\u5404\u65b9\u7684\u8aaa\u6cd5\u548c\u505a\u6cd5\uff0c\u8aa0\u5982\u66f8\u7684\u526f\u984c\u6240\u8a00\uff0c\u63d0\u51fa\u516c\u5e73\u516c\u6b63\u7684\u8ad6\u65b7\u3002\u4ed6\u7684\u7d50\u8ad6\u5927\u81f4\u5305\u62ec\uff1a 1. \u6559\u5b97\u9078\u4eba\u4e0d\u7576\uff0c\u9438\u7f85\u5e74\u7d04\u4e09\u5341\u591a\u6b72\uff0c\u672a\u80fd\u99d5\u99ad\u5927\u5c40\u3002\u800c\u4e14\u6559\u5ef7\u9762\u5c0d Jansenism \u7684\u6311\u6230\uff0c\u800c\u8036\u7a4c\u6703\u652f\u6301\u6559\u5ef7\u7684\u7acb\u5834\uff0c\u662f\u6297 Jansenism \u7684\u5927\u5c07\uff0c\u6559\u5b97\u5c0d\u8036\u7a4c\u6703\u4e5f\u4e0d\u80fd\u592a\u904e\u4efd\u3002 2. 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